Lesson 1: Computer Forensics and Investigations as a Profession
Understanding Computer Forensics
Comparing Definitions of Computer Forensics
Exploring a Brief History of Computer Forensics
Developing Computer Forensics Resources
Preparing for Computing Investigations
Understanding Enforcement Agency Investigations
Understanding Corporate Investigations
Maintaining Professional Conduct
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Lesson 2: Understanding Computer Investigations
Preparing a Computer Investigation
Examining a Computer Crime
Examining a Company-Policy Violation
Taking a Systematic Approach
Assessing the Case
Planning Your Investigation
Securing Your Evidence
Understanding Data-Recovery Workstations and Software
Setting Up Your Workstation for Computer Forensics
Executing an Investigation
Gathering the Evidence
Copying the Evidence Disk
Analyzing Your Digital Evidence
Completing the Case
Critiquing the Case
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Lesson 3: Working with Windows and DOS Systems
Understanding File Systems
Understanding the Boot Sequence
Examining Registry Data
Disk Drive Overview
Exploring Microsoft File Structures
Disk Partition Concerns
Boot Partition Concerns
Examining FAT Disks
Examining NTFS Disks
NTFS System Files
NTFS Attributes
NTFS Data Streams
NTFS Compressed Files
NTFS Encrypted File Systems (EFS)
EFS Recovery Key Agent
Deleting NTFS Files
Understanding Microsoft Boot Tasks
Windows XP, 2000, and NT Startup
Windows XP System Files
Understanding MS-DOS Startup Tasks
Other DOS Operating Systems
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Lesson 4: Macintosh and Linux Boot Processes and Disk Structures
Understanding the Macintosh File Structure
Understanding Volumes
Exploring Macintosh Boot Tasks
Examining UNIX and Linux Disk Structures
UNIX and Linux Overview
Understanding modes
Understanding UNIX and Linux Boot Processes
Understanding Linux Loader
UNIX and Linux Drives and Partition Scheme
Examining Compact Disc Data Structures
Understanding Other Disk Structures
Examining SCSI Disks
Examining IDE/EIDE Devices
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Lesson 5: The Investigators Office and Laboratory
Understanding Forensic Lab Certification Requirements
Identifying Duties of the Lab Manager and Staff
Balancing Costs and Needs
Acquiring Certification and Training
Determining the Physical Layout of a Computer Forensics Lab
Identifying Lab Security Needs
Conducting High-Risk Investigations
Considering Office Ergonomics
Environmental Conditions
Lighting
Structural Design Considerations
Electrical Needs
Communications
Fire-suppression Systems
Evidence Lockers
Facility Maintenance
Physical Security Needs
Auditing a Computer Forensics Lab
Computer Forensics Lab Floor Plan Ideas
Selecting a Basic Forensic Workstation
Selecting Workstations for Police Labs
Selecting Workstations for Private and Corporate Labs
Stocking Hardware Peripherals
Maintaining Operating Systems and Application Software Inventories
Using a Disaster Recovery Plan
Planning for Equipment Upgrades
Using Laptop Forensic Workstations
Building a Business Case for Developing a Forensics Lab
Creating a Forensic Boot Floppy Disk
Assembling the Tools for a Forensic Boot Floppy Disk
Retrieving Evidence Data Using a Remote Network Connection
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Lesson 6: Current Computer Forensics Tools
Evaluating Your Computer Forensics Software Needs
Using National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Tools
Using National Institute of Justice (NU) Methods
Validating Computer Forensics Tools
Using Command-Line Forensics Tools
Exploring NTI Tools
Exploring Ds2dump
Reviewing DriveSpy
Exploring PDBlock
Exploring PDWipe
Reviewing Image
Exploring Part
Exploring SnapBack DatArrest
Exploring Byte Back
Exploring MaresWare
Exploring DIGS Mycroft v3
Exploring Graphical User Interface (GUI) Forensics Tools
Exploring AccessData Programs
Exploring Guidance Software EnCase
Exploring Ontrack
Using BIAProtect
Using LC Technologies Software
Exploring WinHex Specialist Edition
Exploring DIGS Analyzer Professional Forensic Software
Exploring ProDiscover DFT
Exploring DataLifter
Exploring ASRData
Exploring the Internet History Viewer
Exploring Other Useful Computer Forensics Tools
Exploring LTOOLS
Exploring Mtools
Exploring R-Tools
Using Explore2fs
Exploring @stake
Exploring TCT and TCTUTILs
Exploring ILook
Exploring HashKeeper
Using Graphic Viewers
Exploring Hardware Tools
Computing-Investigation Workstations
Building Your Own Workstation
Using a Write-blocker
Using LC Technology International Hardware
Forensic Computers
DIGS
Digital Intelligence
Image MASSter Solo
FastBloc
Acard
NoWrite
Wiebe Tech Forensic DriveDock
Recommendations for a Forensic Workstation
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Lesson 7: Digital Evidence Controls
Identifying Digital Evidence
Understanding Evidence Rules
Securing Digital Evidence at an Incident Scene
Cataloging Digital Evidence
Lab Evidence Considerations
Processing and Handling Digital Evidence
Storing Digital Evidence
Evidence Retention and Media Storage Needs
Documenting Evidence
Obtaining a Digital Signature
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Lesson 8: Processing Crime and Incident Scenes
Processing Private-Sector Incident Scenes
Processing Law Enforcement Crime Scenes
Understanding Concepts and Terms Used in Warrants
Preparing for a Search
Identifying the Nature of the Case
Identifying the Type of Computing System
Determining Whether You Can Seize a Computer
Obtaining a Detailed Description of the Location
Determining Who Is in Charge
Using Additional Technical Expertise
Determining the Tools You Need
Preparing the Investigation Team
Securing a Computer Incident or Crime Scene
Seizing Digital Evidence at the Scene
Processing a Major Incident or Crime Scene
Processing Data Centers with an Array of RAIDS
Using a Technical Advisor at an Incident or Crime Scene
Sample Civil Investigation
Sample Criminal Investigation
Collecting Digital Evidence
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Lesson 9: Data Acquisition
Determining the Best Acquisition Method
Planning Data Recovery Contingencies
Using MS-DOS Acquisition Tools
Understanding How DriveSpy Accesses Sector Ranges
Data Preservation Commands
Using DriveSpy Data Manipulation Commands
Using Windows Acquisition Tools
AccessData FTK Explorer
Acquiring Data on Linux Computers
Using Other Forensics Acquisition Tools
Exploring SnapBack DatArrest
Exploring SafeBack
Exploring EnCase
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Lesson 10: Computer Forensic Analysis
Understanding Computer Forensic Analysis
Refining the Investigation Plan
Using DriveSpy to Analyze Computer Data
DriveSpy Command Switches
DriveSpy Keyword Searching
DriveSpy Scripts
DriveSpy Data-Integrity Tools
DriveSpy Residual Data Collection Tools
Other Useful DriveSpy Command Tools
Using Other Digital Intelligence Computer Forensics Tools
Using PDBlock and PDWipe
Using AccessDatas Forensic Toolkit
Performing a Computer Forensic Analysis
Setting Up Your Forensic Workstation
Performing Forensic Analysis on Microsoft File Systems
UNIX and Linux Forensic Analysis
Macintosh Investigations
Addressing Data Hiding Techniques
Hiding Partitions
Marking Bad Clusters
Bit-Shifting
Using Steganography
Examining Encrypted Files
Recovering Passwords
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Lesson 11: E-mail Investigations
Understanding Internet Fundamentals
Understanding Internet Protocols
Exploring the Roles of the Client and Server in E-mail
Investigating E-mail Crimes and Violations
Identifying E-mail Crimes and Violations
Examining E-mail Messages
Copying an E-mail Message
Printing an E-mail Message
Viewing E-mail Headers
Examining an E-mail Header
Examining Additional E-mail Files
Tracing an E-mail Message
Using Network Logs Related to E-mail
Understanding E-mail Servers
Examining UNIX E-mail Server Logs
Examining Microsoft E-mail Server Logs
Examining Novell GroupWise E-mail Logs
Using Specialized E-mail Forensics Tools
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Lesson 12: Recovering Image Files
Recognizing an Image File
Understanding Bitmap and Raster Images
Understanding Vector Images
Metafle Graphics
Understanding Image File Formats
Understanding Data Compression
Reviewing Lossless and Lossy Compression
Locating and Recovering Image Files
Identifying Image File Fragments
Repairing Damaged Headers
Reconstructing File Fragments
Identifying Unknown File Formats
Analyzing Image File Headers
Tools for Viewing Images
Understanding Steganography in Image Files
Using Steganalysis Tools
Identifying Copyright Issues with Graphics
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Lesson 13: Writing Investigation Reports
Understanding the Importance of Reports
Limiting the Report to Specifics
Types of Reports
Expressing an Opinion
Designing the Layout and Presentation
Litigation Support Reports versus Technical Reports
Writing Clearly
Providing Supporting Material
Formatting Consistently
Explaining Methods
Data Collection
Including Calculations
Providing for Uncertainty and Error Analysis
Explaining Results
Discussing Results and Conclusions
Providing References
Including Appendices
Providing Acknowledgments
Formal Report Format
Writing the Report
Using FTK Demo Version
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Lesson 14: Becoming an Expert Witness
Comparing Technical and Scientific Testimony
Preparing for Testimony
Documenting and Preparing Evidence
Keeping Consistent Work Habits
Processing Evidence
Serving as a Consulting Expert or an Expert Witness
Creating and Maintaining Your CV
Preparing Technical Definitions
Testifying in Court
Understanding the Trial Process
Qualifying Your Testimony and Voir Dire
Addressing Potential Problems
Testifying in General
Presenting Your Evidence
Using Graphics in Your Testimony
Helping Your Attorney
Avoiding Testimony Problems
Testifying During Direct Examination
Using Graphics During Testimony
Testifying During Cross-Examination
Exercising Ethics When Testifying
Understanding Prosecutorial Misconduct
Preparing for a Deposition
Guidelines for Testifying at a Deposition
Recognizing Deposition Problems
Public Release: Dealing with Reporters
Forming an Expert Opinion
Determining the Origin of a Floppy Disk
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Lesson 15: Computer Security Incident Response Team
Incident Response Team
Incident Reporting Process
Low-level incidents
Mid-level incidents
High-level incidents
What is a Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)?
Why would an organization need a CSIRT?
What types of CSIRTs exist?
Other Response Teams Acronyms
What does a CSIRT do?
What is Incident Handling?
Need for CSIRT in Organizations
Best Practices for Creating a CSIRT?
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Lesson 16: Logfile Analysis
Secure Audit Logging
Audit Events
Syslog
Message File
Setting Up Remote Logging
Linux Process Tracking
Windows Logging
Remote Logging in Windows
ntsyslog
Application Logging
Extended Logging
Monitoring for Intrusion and Security Events
Importance of Time Synchronization
Passive Detection Methods
Dump Event Log Tool (Dumpel.exe)
EventCombMT
Event Collection
Scripting
Event Collection Tools
Forensic Tool: fwanalog
Elements of an End-to-End Forensic Trace
Log Analysis and Correlation
TCPDump logs
Intrusion Detection Log (RealSecure)
Intrusion Detection Log (SNORT)
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Lesson 17: Recovering Deleted Files
The Windows Recycle Bin
Digital evidence
Recycle Hidden Folder
How do I undelete a file?
e2undel
O&O UnErase
Restorer2000
BadCopy Pro
File Scavenger
Mycroft v3
PC ParaChute
Search and Recover
Stellar Phoenix Ext2,Ext3
Zero Assumption Digital Image Recovery
FileSaver
VirtualLab Data Recovery
R-Linux
Drive & Data Recovery
Active@ UNERASER - DATA Recovery
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Lesson 18: Application Password Crackers
Advanced Office XP Password Recovery
AOXPPR
Accent Keyword Extractor
Advanced PDF Password Recovery
APDFPR
Distributed Network Attack
Windows XP / 2000 / NT Key
Passware Kit
How to Bypass BIOS Passwords
BIOS Password Crackers
Removing the CMOS Battery
Default Password Database
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Lesson 19: Investigating E-Mail Crimes
E-mail Crimes
Sending Fakemail
Sending E-mail using Telnet
Tracing an e-mail
Mail Headers
Reading Email Headers
Tracing Back
Tracing Back Web Based E-mail
Microsoft Outlook Mail
Pst File Location
Tool: R-Mail
Tool: FinaleMail
Searching E-mail Addresses
E-mail Search Site
abuse.net
Network Abuse Clearing House
Handling Spam
Protecting your E-mail Address from Spam
Tool: Enkoder Form
Tool: eMailTrackerPro
Tool: SPAM Punisher
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Lesson 20: Investigating Web Attacks
How to Tell an Attack is in Progress
What to Do When You Are Under Attack?
Conducting the Investigation
Attempted Break-in
Step 1: Identifing the System(s)
Step 2: Traffic between source and destination
How to detect attacks on your server?
Investigating Log Files
IIS Logs
Log file Codes
Apache Logs
Access_log
Log Security
Log File Information
Simple Request
Time/Date Field
Mirrored Site Detection
Mirrored Site in IIS Logs
Vulnerability Scanning Detection
Example of Attack in Log file
Web Page Defacement
Defacement using DNS Compromise
Investigating DNS Poisoning
Investigating FTP Servers
Example of FTP Compromise
FTP logs
SQL Injection Attacks
Investigating SQL Injection Attacks
Web Based Password Brute Force Attack
Investigating IP Address
Tools for locating IP Address
Investigating Dynamic IP Address
Location of DHCP Server Logfile
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Lesson 21: Investigating Network Traffic
Network Intrusions and Attacks
Direct vs. Distributed Attacks
Automated Attacks
Accidental Attacks
Address Spoofing
IP Spoofing
ARP Spoofing
DNS Spoofing
Preventing IP Spoofing
Preventing ARP Spoofing
Preventing DNS Spoofing
VisualZone
DShield
Forensic Tools for Network Investigations
TCPDump
Ethereal
NetAnalyst
Ettercap
Ethereal
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Lesson 22: Investigating Router Attacks
DoS Attacks
Investigating DoS Attacks
Investigating Router Attacks
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Lesson 23: The Computer Forensics Process
Evidence Seizure Methodology
Before the Investigation
Document Everything
Confiscation of Computer Equipment
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Lesson 24: Data Duplication
Tool: R-Drive Image
Tool: DriveLook
Tool: DiskExplorer for NTFS
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Lesson 25: Windows Forensics
Gathering Evidence in Windows
Collecting Data from Memory
Collecting Evidence
Memory Dump
Manual Memory Dump (Windows 2000)
Manual Memory Dump (Windows XP)
PMDump
Windows Registry
Registry Data
Regmon utility
Forensic Tool: InCntrl5
Backing Up of the entire Registry
System State Backup
Forensic Tool: Back4Win
Forensic Tool: Registry Watch
System Processes
Process Monitors
Default Processes in Windows NT, 2000, and XP
Process-Monitoring Programs
Process Explorer
Look for Hidden Files
Viewing Hidden Files in Windows
NTFS Streams
Detecting NTFS Streams
Rootkits
Detecting Rootkits
Sigverif
Detecting Trojans and Backdoors
Removing Trojans and Backdoors
Port Numbers Used by Trojans
Examining the Windows Swap File
Swap file as evidence
Viewing the Contents of the Swap/Page File
Recovering Evidence from the Web Browser
Locating Browser History Evidence
Forensic Tool: Cache Monitor
Print Spooler Files
Steganography
Forensic Tool: StegDetect
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Lesson 26: Linux Forensics
Performing Memory Dump on Unix Systems
Viewing Hidden Files
Executing Process
Create a Linux Forensic Toolkit
Collect Volatile Data Prior to Forensic Duplication
Executing a Trusted Shell
Determining Who is logged on to the System
Determining the Running Processes
Detecting Loadable Kernel Module Rootkits
LKM
Open Ports and Listening Applications
/proc file system
Log Files
Configuration Files
Low Level Analysis
Log Messages
Running syslogd
Investigating User Accounts
Collecting an Evidential Image
File Auditing Tools
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Lesson 27: Investigating PDA
Parabens PDA Seizure
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Lesson 28: Enforcement Law and Prosecution
Freedom of Information Act
Reporting Security Breaches to Law Enforcement
National Infrastructure Protection Center
Federal Computer Crimes and Laws
Federal Laws
The USA Patriot Act of 2001
Building the Cybercrime Case
How the FBI Investigates Computer Crime
Cyber Crime Investigations
Computer-facilitated crime
FBI
Federal Statutes
Local laws
Federal Investigative Guidelines
Gather Proprietary Information
Contact law enforcement
To initiate an investigation
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Lesson 29: Investigating Trademark and Copyright Infringement
Trademarks
Trademark Eligibility
What is a service mark?
What is trade dress?
Internet domain name
Trademark Infringement
Conducting a Trademark Search
Using Internet to Search for Trademarks
Hiring a professional firm to conduct my trademark search
Trademark Registrations
Benefits of Trademark Registration
Copyright
How long does a copyright last?
Copyright Notice
Copyright Fair Use Doctrine
U.S. Copyright Office
How are copyrights enforced?
SCO vs IBM
What is Plagiarism?
Turnitin
Plagiarism Detection Tools
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