Telecommunications Fundamentals Training Class

Part 1 - Telephony Networking

1. Legacy Telephone Service

• 
  Analog telephone components


• 
  Central office connection (local loop)


• 
  PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)

2. The Public Switched Network

• 
  Evolution of the telephone carriers and services
  
  
  
  • 
    The emergence of long distance competition
  
  
  • 
    The local phone service monopoly
  
  
  • 
    The Telecom Reform Act (TRA)
  
  
  • 
    RBOCs Granted Permission to offer Long Distance Service
    
    
    
    • The emergence of local competition
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  Telecom mergers and acquisitions


• 
  Billing structure for phone service
  
  
  
  • 
    Local Number portability - freedom of choice for the customer
  
  
  
  

3. The Telephone Network Architecture

• Technology advancements in the local loop


• Installing fiber in the local loop


• Intelligent network call routing
  
  
  
  • 
    Intelligent network architecture - Signaling System 7 (SS7)
  
  
  • 
    Custom calling features
  
  
  
  

4. Telecommunications Terms & Technology

• 
  Bandwidth - Analog Capacity


• 
  Disadvantages to analog service
  
  
  
  • 
    Advantages of digital service
  
  
  
  


• 
  PCM - Pulse Code Modulation


• 
  Types of communication mediums
  
  
  
  • 
    Copper-based mediums
  
  
  • 
    Wavelengths used in fiber optic transmissions
  
  
  • 
    Spectrum - The wireless medium
  
  
  
  


• 
  Multiplexing
  
  
  
  • 
    Why multiplexing is important for communications
  
  
  • 
    Multiplexing methods
  
  
  
  

5. Digital Transport Systems

• 
  Digital trunking between COs


• 
  T1 (DS1) frame format and T3 (DS3) digital backbone


• 
  North American Digital (Multiplexing) Hierarchy


• 
  The backbone transitions to SONET (Synchronous Optical Network)
  
  
  
  • 
    SONET frame structure
  
  
  • 
    SONET takes carrier backbone capacity to a new level
  
  
  • 
    SONET VTs (Virtual Tributaries)
  
  
  
  


• 
  Metro Ethernet (packet switching)
  
  
  
  • 
    Virtual concatenation
  
  
  • 
    EOS (Ethernet over SONET)
  
  
  
  

6. Digital Access Technologies

• 
  Integrated Services Digital Network
  
  
  
  • Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and associated applications
  
  
  • Primary Rate Interface (PRI) and associated applications
  
  
  
  


• 
  Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) service
  
  
  
  • 
    DSL Standards
  
  
  • 
    Asymmetric DSL services
    
    
    
    • ADSL2
    
    
    • ADSL2+
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    Symmetrical DSL services
  
  
  • 
    HDSL
  
  
  • 
    HDSL2
  
  
  • 
    G.shdsl
  
  
  
  


• 
  GR-303 and DLCs supporting DSL

7. Circuit-Switched Enterprise Equipment and Services

• 
  Categories of enterprise voice systems
  
  
  
  • Key systems
  
  
  • Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs)
  
  
  
  


• 
  Hybrid systems


• 
  Enterprise phone system ports and connections


• 
  Types of leased line (circuit) connections


• 
  Comparing ISDN PRI with QSIG


• 
  Other types of voice-related equipment
  
  
  
  • 
    Using ACD systems in call centers
  
  
  • 
    Interactive voice response systems
  
  
  • 
    Enterprise phone system services from the carrier
  
  
  • 
    Local Carrier Centrex Service
  
  
  • 
    Traffic engineering
  
  
  
  

8. Voice over Packet Technology

• 
  Terminology related to VoIP (Voice over IP)


• 
  Packet-switched data networks


• 
  Switching frames and routing packets


• 
  VoIP trunking


• 
  Integrated IP-PBX


• 
  IP-PBX (all IP-based systems)


• 
  Separate VLANs for voice and data traffic


• 
  Power over Ethernet


• 
  VoIP signaling standards


• 
  Transporting Voice Packets with RTP


• 
  The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)


• 
  SIP Protocols and Features


• 
  IP Centrex


• 
  Softswitch Architecture


• 
  Unified messaging

9. Mobile Wireless Communications

• 
  Components of a cellular network


• 
  Frequency reuse


• 
  Handoff (handover) between adjacent cells


• 
  The mobile network


• 
  Air interfaces - radio frequency standards


• 
  iDEN (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network)


• 
  ITU (global) Radio Frequency spectrum for GSM


• 
  GSM Network


• 
  SMS (Short Message Service)


• 
  Moving toward third generation services


• 
  Mobile wireless service providers

Part 2 - Carrier Data Services

1. Overview of Packet-Switched Networks

• 
  o Comparison of network architectures
  
  
  
  • 
    Circuit-switched networks
    
    
    
    • 
      Private lines - good security
    
    
    • 
      Cost based on time connected
    
    
    • 
      Fixed bandwidth allocation
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    Packet-switched networks
    
    
    
    • 
      Shared network resources
    
    
    • 
      Attributes of packet-switched networks
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• 
  o Enterprise networks defined


• 
  o Services providers & ISP tiers


• o Interfacing private enterprise networks to the Internet
  
  
  
  • 
    Addressing options
  
  
  • 
    NAT (Network Address Translation)
  
  
  • 
    PAT (Port Address Translation)
  
  
  • 
    Interconnecting networks using NAT
  
  
  • 
    Virtual circuit service
    
    
    
    • 
      ATM & Frame Relay
    
    
    • 
      Meshed Networks
    
    
    • 
      Internet VPN service
    
    
    • 
      Provide cost-effective multi-site fully meshed networks
    
    
    • 
      SLAs (Service Level Agreements) - getting what you pay for
    
    
    • 
      Monitoring network performance using probes
    
    
    • 
      Using feedback from network probes to monitor SLAs
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  

2. Applications & Hosting Services for Enterprise Networks

• 
  o Network applications
  
  
  
  • 
    Remote access
    
    
    
    • 
      RAS (Remote Access Services)
    
    
    • 
      Wireless remote access services
    
    
    • 
      Telnet
    
    
    • 
      Secure shell
    
    
    • 
      Remote desktop
    
    
    • 
      Remote assistance
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    Utilities
    
    
    
    • 
      DHCP
    
    
    • 
      DNS
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 
    IP telephony
    
    
    

This course is essential if you are new to the industry, have experience in
data networking and